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VENSource Research
Influence of vine structure and climatic region on phenolic composition
These South African authors look at the relationship between how a vine is trained and fruit phenolic composition. They not only find that cool regions tend to produce darker wines than warm regions, but that head-trained vines tend to produce darker wines than trellised vines.
The full text is at: http://www.sasev.org/journal/sajev-articles/volume-27-2/27_2%204.pdf
144 vine structure and phenolic composition.pdf